Winogradskyella poriferorum
Classification
Higher order taxa
Bacteria; Bacteroidetes; Flavobacteria; Flavobacteriales; Flavobacteriaceae; Winogradskyella
Species
Winogradskyella poriferorum
Description
Winogradskyella poriferorum (designated strain UST030701-295T) are gram negative, rod-shaped cells. They show rapid gliding motility. Colonies are yellow, circular, 2-4 mm in diameter, and have a smooth surface after cultivation on marine agar. Cells are strictly aerobic. They grow at temperatures between 12 and 44 ͦ C and at a pH between 6.0 and 10.0. The cells require 1.0-4.0% NaCl and the G+C content of the DNA is 32.8mol%. This strain produces acetoin, but not indole or hydrogen sulfide. DNA and gelatin are degraded, but cellulose and starch are not. Citrate is not utilized and nitrate is not reduced.
Ecology
The strain UST030701-295T was isolated from the surface of the sponge Lissodendoryx isodictyalis in the Bahamas and lives in a marine environment. They are highly associated with sponges which is why they were named poriferorum after the phylum sponges are in, Porifera.
Metabolism
The strain UST030701-295T is strictly aerobic. The sole carbon source of Winogradskyella poriferorum is aesculin. The strain's main fatty acids are iso-C15 : 1, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 1ω7 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH.
Pathology
The strain UST030701-295T is sensitive to the antibiotics ampicillin (0·5 μg), benzylpenicillin (0·5 μg), chloramphenicol (1·0 μg), streptomycin (10 μg) and tetracycline (0·5 μg). It is resistant to the antibiotic kanamycin.
Current Research
The production of poly-ethers in Winogradskyella poriferorum and the natural abundance of these poly-ethers are being studied. Because the poly-ethers that are produced in Winogradskyella poriferorum have a potent bioactivity, it makes them good applicants as ingredients in antifouling applications.
References
http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/55/4/1589.full?sid=270e2bb7-1a8a-4746-a6d6-d8f095888758 S. C. K. Lau, M. M. Y. Tsoi, X. Li, I. Plakhotnikova, S. Dobretsov, K. W. K. Lau, M. Wu, P. Wong, J. R. Pawlik and P. Qian. "Winogradskyella poriferorum sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a sponge in the Bahamas". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2005. Volume 55. p. 1589-1592.
http://ihome.ust.hk/~pyqian/Journals/19.pdf S. Dasha, Y. Nogataa, X. Zhoua, Y. Zhanga, Y. Xua, X. Guo, X. Zhanga, P. Qiana. "Poly-ethers from Winogradskyella poriferorum: Antifouling potential, time-course study of production and natural abundance". Bioresource Technology. 2011. Volume 102. p. 7532-7537.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavobacteriaceae "Flavobacteriaceae". Wikipedia. 2013.
Edited by (Nicole Nutter), student of Rachel Larsen at the University of Southern Maine
