Interactions between commensal bacteria and plant immune systems: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
Commensal bacteria are a prominent and diverse community of bacteria that act on their host’s immune system in order to induce responses that prevent invasion and growth of pathogens. In humans, commensal bacteria often inhabit mucous membranes and epidermal surfaces. They also play an integral role in helping to protect their host from respiratory pathogens. In addition to preventing pathogens from colonizing their host, commensal bacteria are also able to help regulate the immune system, and educate it in distinguishing pathogenic bacteria. There has been a lot of research done on the diverse yet crucial roles that the trillions of commensal bacteria in humans play | Commensal bacteria are a prominent and diverse community of bacteria that act on their host’s immune system in order to induce responses that prevent invasion and growth of pathogens. In humans, commensal bacteria often inhabit mucous membranes and epidermal surfaces. They also play an integral role in helping to protect their host from respiratory pathogens. In addition to preventing pathogens from colonizing their host, commensal bacteria are also able to help regulate the immune system, and educate it in distinguishing pathogenic bacteria. There has been a lot of research done on the diverse yet crucial roles that the trillions of commensal bacteria in humans play. There exist diverse and large communities of these bacteria in plants as well. However, their role, transmission, and interactions with the plants, in particular their immune system, is still being studied. In plants, much research is being done in how these bacteria interact with the root immune system, as they seem to play a large role in protecting the plant from pathogens, despite many containing the microbe associated molecular patterns(MAMPs) that should elicit an immune response from the host. Further research is also being performed on topics such as host preference, bacterial response to environmental stressors, and what genetic components allow the commensal bacteria to protect the host plant. | ||
[[Image:PHIL_1181_lores.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.[https://www.kenyon.edu/kenyon-in-brief/].]] | [[Image:PHIL_1181_lores.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.[https://www.kenyon.edu/kenyon-in-brief/].]] | ||
Revision as of 17:03, 4 December 2022
Introduction
Commensal bacteria are a prominent and diverse community of bacteria that act on their host’s immune system in order to induce responses that prevent invasion and growth of pathogens. In humans, commensal bacteria often inhabit mucous membranes and epidermal surfaces. They also play an integral role in helping to protect their host from respiratory pathogens. In addition to preventing pathogens from colonizing their host, commensal bacteria are also able to help regulate the immune system, and educate it in distinguishing pathogenic bacteria. There has been a lot of research done on the diverse yet crucial roles that the trillions of commensal bacteria in humans play. There exist diverse and large communities of these bacteria in plants as well. However, their role, transmission, and interactions with the plants, in particular their immune system, is still being studied. In plants, much research is being done in how these bacteria interact with the root immune system, as they seem to play a large role in protecting the plant from pathogens, despite many containing the microbe associated molecular patterns(MAMPs) that should elicit an immune response from the host. Further research is also being performed on topics such as host preference, bacterial response to environmental stressors, and what genetic components allow the commensal bacteria to protect the host plant.
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Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
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Section 1 Genetics
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.
- ↑ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.
- ↑ Lee G, Low RI, Amsterdam EA, Demaria AN, Huber PW, Mason DT. Hemodynamic effects of morphine and nalbuphine in acute myocardial infarction. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 1981 May;29(5):576-81.
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Edited by Ethan Liu, student of Joan Slonczewski for BIOL 116 Information in Living Systems, 2022, Kenyon College.
