Thalassiosira pseudonana: Difference between revisions
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==Description and Significance== | ==Description and Significance== | ||
Thalassiosira psuedonana is a marine centric diatom. Diatoms are unicellular, eukaryotic, phytoplankton that display a unique evolutionary history and provide major ecological contributions in marine environments. Diatoms are capable of photosynthesis, having acquired plastids through secondary endosymbiosis of red algae. Having evolved 91.5 million years ago during the Upper Turonian period, analyses of these organisms display long-term contributions to deposits of diatomite, carbon cycling, global climate, and petroleum reserves. Today diatoms continue to have major ecological implications and are the most important marine phytoplankton in the oceans, generating up to 40% (45 to 50 billion metric tons) of the marine organic carbon produced each year. These diatoms continue to play a fundamental role in global carbon cycling and global climate by influencing the flow of carbon dioxide in the oceans.[2] As a result of the ecological importance of diatoms, T. psuedonana was the first diatom to undergo full genome sequencing. In addition, T. pseudonana have elaborate silicified cell wall nanostructures that may contribute to future study of silica nanotechnology. T. pseudonana diatoms display a unique combination of metabolic processes including genes for nitrogen fixation, the urea cycle, carbon fixation, iron uptake, and photosynthesis. | Thalassiosira psuedonana is a marine centric diatom. Diatoms are unicellular, eukaryotic, phytoplankton that display a unique evolutionary history and provide major ecological contributions in marine environments. Diatoms are capable of photosynthesis, having acquired plastids through secondary endosymbiosis of primary endosymbionts, including plants and, green,red, and glaucophyte algae. Having evolved 91.5 million years ago during the Upper Turonian period, analyses of these organisms display long-term contributions to deposits of diatomite, carbon cycling, global climate, and petroleum reserves. Today diatoms continue to have major ecological implications and are the most important marine phytoplankton in the oceans, generating up to 40% (45 to 50 billion metric tons) of the marine organic carbon produced each year. These diatoms continue to play a fundamental role in global carbon cycling and global climate by influencing the flow of carbon dioxide in the oceans.[2] As a result of the ecological importance of diatoms, T. psuedonana was the first diatom to undergo full genome sequencing. In addition, T. pseudonana have elaborate silicified cell wall nanostructures that may contribute to future study of silica nanotechnology. T. pseudonana diatoms display a unique combination of metabolic processes including genes for nitrogen fixation, the urea cycle, carbon fixation, iron uptake, and photosynthesis. | ||
==Genome Structure== | ==Genome Structure== | ||
Revision as of 23:14, 26 April 2014
Classification
Eukaryota; Bacillariophyta; Coscinodiscophyceae; Thalassiosirales; Thalassiosiraceae [Others may be used. Use NCBI link to find]
pseudonana
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NCBI: Taxonomy |
Thalassiosira pseudonana
Description and Significance
Thalassiosira psuedonana is a marine centric diatom. Diatoms are unicellular, eukaryotic, phytoplankton that display a unique evolutionary history and provide major ecological contributions in marine environments. Diatoms are capable of photosynthesis, having acquired plastids through secondary endosymbiosis of primary endosymbionts, including plants and, green,red, and glaucophyte algae. Having evolved 91.5 million years ago during the Upper Turonian period, analyses of these organisms display long-term contributions to deposits of diatomite, carbon cycling, global climate, and petroleum reserves. Today diatoms continue to have major ecological implications and are the most important marine phytoplankton in the oceans, generating up to 40% (45 to 50 billion metric tons) of the marine organic carbon produced each year. These diatoms continue to play a fundamental role in global carbon cycling and global climate by influencing the flow of carbon dioxide in the oceans.[2] As a result of the ecological importance of diatoms, T. psuedonana was the first diatom to undergo full genome sequencing. In addition, T. pseudonana have elaborate silicified cell wall nanostructures that may contribute to future study of silica nanotechnology. T. pseudonana diatoms display a unique combination of metabolic processes including genes for nitrogen fixation, the urea cycle, carbon fixation, iron uptake, and photosynthesis.
Genome Structure
The nuclear genome of T. pseudonana is 34.5 million bp, accounting for a predicted total of 11,242 protein-encoding genes. The nuclear genome encodes 24 pairs of chromosomes, totaling 34.5 Mb. The plastid genome is 128,813 bp accounting for 144 protein-encoding genes. The mitochondrial genome is 43,287 bp with 40 protein-coding genes. The most abundant domain in T. pseudonana is protein kinase 1. T. pseudonana differs from many eukaryotic species and has a relatively low reliance on receptor kinases and leucine-rich receptor (LRR) containing receptors. The major transcription factor in T. pseudonana is the heat-shock family, which is also relatively uncommon in eukaryotic species.
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Ecology and Pathogenesis
Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
References
Author
Page authored by _____, student of Prof. Jay Lennon at IndianaUniversity.
