Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis
A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis
Classification
Higher order taxa
Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Alteromonadales; Pseudoalteromonadaceae; Pseudoalteromonas
Species
P. agarivorans, P. aliena, P. antarctica, P. arctica, P. atlantica, P. aurantia, P. byunsanensis, P. carrageenovora, P. chazhmella, P. citrea, P. denitrificans, P. distincta, P. elyakovii, P. espejiana, P. flavipulchra, P. ganghwensis, P. gracilis, P. haloplanktis, P. issachenkonii, P. luteoviolacea, P. maricaloris, P. marina, P. mariniglutinosa, P. nigrifaciens, P. paragorgicola, P. peptidolyticam P. phenolica, P. piscicida, P. porphyrae, P. prydzensis, P. rubra, P. ruthenica, P. sagamiensis, P. spiralis, P. spongiae, P. telluritireducens, P. tetraodonis, P. translucida, P. tunicate, P. ulvae, P. undina, P. viridis, P. whanghaensis, P. sp.
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NCBI: Taxonomy Genome: -P. haloplanktis TAC 125 chromosome 1 -P. haloplanktis TAC 125 chromosome II |
Description and significance
Pseudoaltermonas haloplanktis is a curve, rod shaped (0.2 to 1.5 by 1.8 to 3 µm), Antarctica psychrophile bacterium that is composed mainly in ~40% DNA G + C content (Gauthier et al). It was initially called Alteromonas tetraodonis, but has been reclassified as Alteromonas haloplanktis then to Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis from the Phylogenetic assays that was done by Gauthier et al Gauthier et al. In addition, Pseudoaltermonas haloplanktis is a Gram negative bacterium that is non-spore-forming, not luminescent, and is motile by polar flagella. This organism was isolated from the Antartic coastal sea sample water and is found to grow only in marine environment at ~20ºC. Researchers have sequenced some of its genome such as DNA Ligase and cellulase to give an understanding of how its enzymatic proteins allow it to adapt at such low temperature.
Genome structure
Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis is an aerobe that has no fermentative metabolism. They are rod-shaped bacteria that are classfied as sub species: Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis subsp. haloplanktis and Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis subsp. tetraodonis. Strain Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC 125 is completely sequenced and found to have 2 circular chromosomes, Chromosome I and Chromosome II. Chromosome I has 40% G+C content with 546 proteins while Chromosome II has 39% G+C rich with 2940 proteins. Genes which are encoded account for 87% of the gemone. Read "The complete proteome of Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis (strain TAC 125)" for further information on the genome of this strain.
Cell structure and metabolism
P. haloplanktis is chemoautotroph that requires oxygen; therefore does not have fermentative metabolism.
Describe any interesting features and/or cell structures; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Ecology
Describe any interactions with other organisms (included eukaryotes), contributions to the environment, effect on environment, etc.
Pathology
Pseudoaltermonas haloplanktis tetraodonis is responsible for numerous deaths each year in Japan resulting from the consumption of pufferfish (The Lab Rat-online).
How does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
Application to Biotechnology
Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis DNA ligase has similar catalytic activity to other NAD+-dependent DNA ligase for low-temperature adaptation of organism.
Does this organism produce any useful compounds or enzymes? What are they and how are they used?
Current Research
Enter summaries of the most recent research here--at least three required
References
- Ivanova, E., Chun, J., Romanenko, L., Matte, M., Mikhailov, V., Frolova, G., Huq, A., & Colwell, R. “Reclassification of Alteromonas distincta Romanenko et el. 1995 as Pseudoalteromonas distincta comb. nov. ” International Journal of Systematic & Evolutionary Microbriology, 2000. Volume 50: p. 141-144.
Edited by Kim Ngo, a student of Rachel Larsen
