Adeno-Associated Viruses as Gene Therapy Vectors: Difference between revisions
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<br>The AAV genome is made up of ssDNA, is very small (4.7kbp), and is flanked by two 145 nucleotide-long inverted terminal repeats. It codes for two different types of proteins, the first being Rep, which is responsible for replication and rescue of the virus. The second protein, Cap, is a structural protein that is the chief constituent of the icosahedral capsid that houses the viral genome. Furthermore, the AAV genome contains three promoters, p5, p19, and p40, and two open reading frames. The mRNA transcripts produced in conjunction with each of the promoters is able to code for seven different Rep and Cap proteins due to alternate splicing. AAV’s genome doesn’t code for a DNA polymerase and is consequently dependent on that provided by the host cell. AAV are very simple viruses, but as we will see, they have an extremely wide variety of medicinal applications. | <br>The AAV genome is made up of ssDNA, is very small (4.7kbp), and is flanked by two 145 nucleotide-long inverted terminal repeats. It codes for two different types of proteins, the first being Rep, which is responsible for replication and rescue of the virus. The second protein, Cap, is a structural protein that is the chief constituent of the icosahedral capsid that houses the viral genome. Furthermore, the AAV genome contains three promoters, p5, p19, and p40, and two open reading frames. The mRNA transcripts produced in conjunction with each of the promoters is able to code for seven different Rep and Cap proteins due to alternate splicing. AAV’s genome doesn’t code for a DNA polymerase and is consequently dependent on that provided by the host cell. AAV are very simple viruses, but as we will see, they have an extremely wide variety of medicinal applications. | ||
[[Image: | [[Image:AAV TEM.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Electron micrograph of the Adeno-Associated Virus.]] | ||
<br>At right is a sample image insertion. It works for any image uploaded anywhere to MicrobeWiki. The insertion code consists of: | <br>At right is a sample image insertion. It works for any image uploaded anywhere to MicrobeWiki. The insertion code consists of: | ||
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Revision as of 01:01, 16 April 2009
Adeno-Associated Viruses
Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) small viruses that affect humans and other members of the primate species. They belong to the parovirus family and require a helper virus, such as adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, vaccina virus, or CMV, to replicate. For this particular reason they are also part of the dependovirus genus. If no helper virus is present, they are able to incorporate themselves into the host cell’s genome and latently replicate as the host cell replicates. When a helper virus infects the cells that the AAV has latently incorporated itself into, it is able to engage in lytic replication and release itself from the cell.
The AAV genome is made up of ssDNA, is very small (4.7kbp), and is flanked by two 145 nucleotide-long inverted terminal repeats. It codes for two different types of proteins, the first being Rep, which is responsible for replication and rescue of the virus. The second protein, Cap, is a structural protein that is the chief constituent of the icosahedral capsid that houses the viral genome. Furthermore, the AAV genome contains three promoters, p5, p19, and p40, and two open reading frames. The mRNA transcripts produced in conjunction with each of the promoters is able to code for seven different Rep and Cap proteins due to alternate splicing. AAV’s genome doesn’t code for a DNA polymerase and is consequently dependent on that provided by the host cell. AAV are very simple viruses, but as we will see, they have an extremely wide variety of medicinal applications.
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Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
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Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
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Introduce the topic of your paper. What microorganisms are of interest? Habitat? Applications for medicine and/or environment?
Section 1
Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.
Section 2
Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.
Section 3
Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.
Conclusion
Overall paper length should be 3,000 words, with at least 3 figures.
References
Edited by student of Chad Kurylo for BIOL 238 Microbiology, 2009, Kenyon College.
