Borrelia burgdorferi- The Cause of Lyme Disease: Difference between revisions

From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource
(Created page with "<!-- Do not edit this line-->{{Curated}} ==Section== Image:PHIL_22882_lores.jpg|thumb|300px|right|This illustration depicts a three-dimensional (3D), computer-generated imag...")
 
No edit summary
Line 25: Line 25:
<br> The repeated citation works like this, with a forward slash.<ref name=aa/>
<br> The repeated citation works like this, with a forward slash.<ref name=aa/>


==Section 1==
==Introduction==
Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.<br>
Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.<br>
<br>
<Borrelia burgdorferi is an ancient spirochete-shaped bacteria that is responsible for Lyme disease [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0891552007001316?via%3Dihub]. These bacteria symbiotically live within the bodies of ticks, benefitting from this relationship, whereas the ticks do not. Borrelia burgdorferi is a part of the Spircochete phylum, which is distinctive for bacteria that have a spirally shaped body and flagella that are found in the periplasmic space between the inner and outer membranes [1]. Borrelia burgdorferi are excellent swimmers, and are able to navigate their way from ticks to new, vertebrate hosts such as small mammals, birds, and lizards [1]. Oftentimes, ticks in their larval feeding phase pick up Borrelia burgdorferi from rodents infected with the bacteria [1]. As the ticks grow into their adult phase, they eventually target only large mammals, infecting them with Borrelia burgdorferi as they feed. Interestingly, Borrelia burgdorferi are almost never transferred transovarially [1]. Humans typically obtain Borrelia burgdorferi and Lyme disease as a result from nymphal ticks, because they are smaller and more difficult to spot than adult ticks, allowing the nymphs to feed for longer periods of time [1]. Lyme disease can cause an array of symptoms in patients, the most infamous being the distinctive bullseye pattern rash that appears on the skin, called erythra migrans [1]. Because Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted via ticks, Lyme disease is most prevalent in rural areas, where ticks can be more commonly found [1]. In the United States, Lyme disease can most commonly be found in New England, mid-Atlantic states, upper north-central states, and in some areas of California in the northwest [2]. Furthermore, this infection is seasonal, when ticks are the most active and most likely to come into contact with humans. Research on Lyme disease has been heavily prioritized, with more than $3.5 million per year granted by the CDC to fund new research [2]. In order to better understand Lyme disease and its impacts, it is important to recognize the unique characteristics of Borrelia burgdorferi through its genome, metabolism, morphology, motility, and chemotaxis.
 
>
Every point of information REQUIRES CITATION using the citation tool shown above.
Every point of information REQUIRES CITATION using the citation tool shown above.



Revision as of 01:58, 18 April 2022

This is a curated page. Report corrections to Microbewiki.

Section

This illustration depicts a three-dimensional (3D), computer-generated image, of a group of Gram-positive, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus) bacteria. The photo credit for this image belongs to Alissa Eckert, who is a medical illustrator at the CDC.


By Maggie Williard

At right is a sample image insertion. It works for any image uploaded anywhere to MicrobeWiki.

The insertion code consists of:
Double brackets: [[
Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
Thumbnail status: |thumb|
Pixel size: |300px|
Placement on page: |right|
Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC. Every image requires a link to the source.
Closed double brackets: ]]

Other examples:
Bold
Italic
Subscript: H2O
Superscript: Fe3+



Sample citations: [1] [2]

A citation code consists of a hyperlinked reference within "ref" begin and end codes.
To repeat the citation for other statements, the reference needs to have a names: "<ref name=aa>"
The repeated citation works like this, with a forward slash.[1]

Introduction

Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.
<Borrelia burgdorferi is an ancient spirochete-shaped bacteria that is responsible for Lyme disease [1]. These bacteria symbiotically live within the bodies of ticks, benefitting from this relationship, whereas the ticks do not. Borrelia burgdorferi is a part of the Spircochete phylum, which is distinctive for bacteria that have a spirally shaped body and flagella that are found in the periplasmic space between the inner and outer membranes [1]. Borrelia burgdorferi are excellent swimmers, and are able to navigate their way from ticks to new, vertebrate hosts such as small mammals, birds, and lizards [1]. Oftentimes, ticks in their larval feeding phase pick up Borrelia burgdorferi from rodents infected with the bacteria [1]. As the ticks grow into their adult phase, they eventually target only large mammals, infecting them with Borrelia burgdorferi as they feed. Interestingly, Borrelia burgdorferi are almost never transferred transovarially [1]. Humans typically obtain Borrelia burgdorferi and Lyme disease as a result from nymphal ticks, because they are smaller and more difficult to spot than adult ticks, allowing the nymphs to feed for longer periods of time [1]. Lyme disease can cause an array of symptoms in patients, the most infamous being the distinctive bullseye pattern rash that appears on the skin, called erythra migrans [1]. Because Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted via ticks, Lyme disease is most prevalent in rural areas, where ticks can be more commonly found [1]. In the United States, Lyme disease can most commonly be found in New England, mid-Atlantic states, upper north-central states, and in some areas of California in the northwest [2]. Furthermore, this infection is seasonal, when ticks are the most active and most likely to come into contact with humans. Research on Lyme disease has been heavily prioritized, with more than $3.5 million per year granted by the CDC to fund new research [2]. In order to better understand Lyme disease and its impacts, it is important to recognize the unique characteristics of Borrelia burgdorferi through its genome, metabolism, morphology, motility, and chemotaxis.

> Every point of information REQUIRES CITATION using the citation tool shown above.

Section 2

Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.

Section 3

Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.

Section 4

Conclusion

References



Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2022, Kenyon College