Cellulose Degradation in the Rumen

Cellulose Breakdown by Microorganisms in the Rumen

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Introduction

Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.

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Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
Thumbnail status: |thumb|
Pixel size: |300px|
Placement on page: |right|
Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
Closed double brackets: ]]

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Superscript: Fe³⁺

Section 1

Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Section 2

Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Section 3

Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Conclusion

Overall paper length should be 3,000 words, with at least 3 figures.

References

Cho SJ, Cho KM, Shin EC, Lim WJ, Hong SY, Choi BR, Kang JM, Lee SM, Kim YH, Yun HD. 2006. 16s rDNA analysis of bacterial diversity in three fractions of cow rumen. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 16(1): 92-101.

Diez-Gonzalez F, Callway TR, Kizoulis MG, Russel JB. 1998. Grain feeding and the dissemination of acid-resistant Escherichia coli from cattle. Science 281 (5383) 1666-1668.

Leschine SB. 1995. Cellulose degradation in anaerobic environments. Annual Review of Microbiology 49: 399-426.

McAllister TA, Bae HD, Jones GA, Cheng KJ. 1994. Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen. Journal of Animal Science 72(11): 3004-3018.

Ryosuke K, Saburi W, Odaka R, Taguchi H, Ito S, Mori H, Matsui H. 2012. Metabolic mechanism of Mannan in ruminal bacterium, Ruminococcus albus, involving two mannoside phosphorylases and cellobiose 2-epimerase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 287(50): 42389-42399.

Saro C, Ranilla MJ, Carro, MD. 2012. Postprandial changes of fiber-degrading microbes in the rumen of sheep fed diets varying in type of forage as monitored by real-time PCR and automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. Journal of Animal Science 90 (12): 4487-4494.

Slonczewski JL and Foster JW. 2009. Microbiology: An Evolving Science. 2nd Edition. W.W. Norton, New York: 822-825.

Weimer PJ. Cellulose degradation by ruminal microorganisms. 1992. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 12(3): 189-223.

Edited by KatiePruett, a student of Nora Sullivan in BIOL187S (Microbial Life) in The Keck Science Department of the Claremont Colleges Spring 2013.