Comparing the Efficacy of Antibiotics Vs. Fecal Transplant in the Treatment of Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI)

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Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.


By: Yara Awwad

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Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC. Every image requires a link to the source.
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Introduction:

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become a major source of morbidity and mortality at hospitals in recent years. According to the CDC, around half a million Americans suffer from Clostridium difficile infection each year. Studies show that Clostridium difficile infections became more severe, prevalent, and difficult to treat. The infection is caused by the toxins produced by the bacteria Clostridium Difficile and it spreads through spores. Clostridium difficile bacteria are found around the environment is soil, food, air, water and feces. Some people have C. diff in their large intestine in an inactive, non-infectious form. The bacteria also produces spores that ensure their survival under extreme conditions. If these spores are formed in the colon, they can survive antibiotics and could turn into a pathogenic active form. Depending on the severity of the Clostridium difficile infection, it can be treated using antibiotics that stop the bacteria from growing. However, some strains are becoming more resistant to antibiotics which is making CDIs harder to treat. If the infection is severe, surgery is usually performed to remove the diseased portion of the colon. Around 20% of the people with C.diff get the infection again. In recurring cases, antibiotic therapy is conducted, but the effectiveness of this treatment has been declining. Recent research suggests that an alternative strategy for treating recurring CDI is fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) has promising results.
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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.
  2. ↑ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.



Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2018, Kenyon College.

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