Practice Template - Eva Illuzzi: Difference between revisions

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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
Select a topic about genetics or evolution in a specific organism or ecosystem.<br>
The topic must include one section about microbes (bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protists). This is easy because all organisms and ecosystems have microbes.
<br><br>
Compose a title for your page.<br> Type your exact title in the Search window, then press Go. The MicrobeWiki will invite you to create a new page with this title.<br><br>
Open the <b> BIOL 116 Class 2020 </b> template page in "edit."<br>
Copy ALL the text from the edit window.<br>
Then go to YOUR OWN page; edit tab. PASTE into your own page, and edit.<br>


[[Image:10815_lores.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the [https://phil.cdc.gov/details_linked.aspx?pid=10815 CDC].]]
<i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> is a gram-negative rod-like anaerobic microbe. It resides in the gut flora of the human microbiota. <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> remain commensal with the host when in the gut where they play an essential role in processing complex molecules into simpler ones in the host intestines. However, if the microbe enters the bloodstream or surrounding tissue it can lead to severe anaerobic infections, most commonly the formation of abscesses.


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Anaerobes are the most common bacteria in the human colon. Within the group of anaerobes, <i>Bacteroides<i/> make up approximately 25% of the anaerobic bacteria within the gut. The <i>Bacteroides</i> genus consists of: <i>B. fragilis, B. distasonis, B. ovatus, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. v ulgatus, B. uniformis, B. eggerthii, B. merdae, B. stercoris,and B. caccae</i>. Of these <i>Bacteroides, B. fragilis</i> is the most frequent isolate and responsible for the majority of the anaerobic infections. <i>B. fragilis</i> is most commonly associated with intra-abdominal infections. A number of these species are widely resistant to a variety of the current antibiotics.
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<br><b>Filename:</b> PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
<br><b>Thumbnail status:</b> |thumb|
<br><b>Pixel size:</b> |300px|
<br><b>Placement on page:</b> |right|
<br><b>Legend/credit:</b> Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
<br><b>Closed double brackets:</b> ]]
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<br><i>Italic</i>
<br><b>Subscript:</b> H<sub>2</sub>O
<br><b>Superscript:</b> Fe<sup>3+</sup>
 
 
 
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==Pathogenesis and Epidemiology==
==Pathogenesis and Epidemiology==

Revision as of 22:19, 9 December 2020

Introduction

Bacteroides fragilis is a gram-negative rod-like anaerobic microbe. It resides in the gut flora of the human microbiota. Bacteroides fragilis remain commensal with the host when in the gut where they play an essential role in processing complex molecules into simpler ones in the host intestines. However, if the microbe enters the bloodstream or surrounding tissue it can lead to severe anaerobic infections, most commonly the formation of abscesses.

Anaerobes are the most common bacteria in the human colon. Within the group of anaerobes, Bacteroides make up approximately 25% of the anaerobic bacteria within the gut. The Bacteroides genus consists of: B. fragilis, B. distasonis, B. ovatus, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. v ulgatus, B. uniformis, B. eggerthii, B. merdae, B. stercoris,and B. caccae. Of these Bacteroides, B. fragilis is the most frequent isolate and responsible for the majority of the anaerobic infections. B. fragilis is most commonly associated with intra-abdominal infections. A number of these species are widely resistant to a variety of the current antibiotics.

Pathogenesis and Epidemiology

B. fragilis is often considered the single most important pathogen among the anaerobes that exist in the normal flora. Infections from B. fragilis commonly arise from a break in the mucosal membrane of the intestine.3 The travel of B. fragilis outside of the gut can lead to a variety of infections such as local abscesses at the site of the break, metastatic abscesses by spread through the bloodstream to distant organs, or lung abscesses by inhalation of the bacteria.

Predisposition to B. fragilis can arise from surgery, disease, or trauma.

E. coli, a facultative anaerobe, uses the oxygen at the site which brings the oxygen to a level where anaerobes, such as B. fragilis, can thrive and grow. Due to this phenomenon, many severe anaerobic infections contain a mix of anaerobic and aerobic flora.

Section 2 Microbiome

Include some current research, with a second image.

Conclusion

Overall text length should be at least 1,000 words (before counting references), with at least 2 images. Include at least 5 references under Reference section.


References



Edited by [Author Name], student of Joan Slonczewski for BIOL 116 Information in Living Systems, 2020, Kenyon College.