Zaire ebolavirus: Pathogenesis, History, and Treatment of the Deadly Virus

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The infection of a host cell by Ebola virus, including a basic illustration of transmission and replication of the virus http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v22/n8/fig_tab/cdd201567f2.html#figure-title.

By Alexander Manning

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Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
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Section 1

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An electron microscope image of the deadly virus. Color has been added to show contrast. http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/modules/flexslider/about-ebola.jpg.

The Ebola virus was first first discovered in 1976 near the Ebola river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In this year there were 318 confirmed cases of the virus infecting humans, resulting in 280 deaths. Over the next several years, there were only a few reported cases, usually in controlled situations that didn't result in any fatalities. Then in 1995 there was an outbreak of the virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This outbreak resulted in 315 confirmed cases with 250 deaths reported. Just five years later, there was an outbreak in Uganda that resulted in 425 cases and 224 deaths. This outbreak was believed to have been a result from the attendance of a funeral. The person being buried was killed as a result from Ebola virus infection, and the people attending the funeral were not wearing the proper attire to prevent transmission of the virus. The following year, there was another outbreak, this time in the Republic of Congo. This outbreak saw 57 cases with 43 deaths. Six years later in 2007, there were two separate outbreaks. One outbreak was in western Uganda, the other in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Uganda outbreak had 149 cases with 37 deaths. The outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo had 264 cases with 187 reported deaths. Seven years later, in 2014, the largest outbreak in history broke out in western Africa. during this devastating outbreak there were over 27,000 reported cases with over 11,000 reported deaths. This virus has now been wreaking havoc on the world, western Africa in particular, for 4 decades now. It has claimed thousands and thousands of victims while scaring countries into preventing citizens from returning home on the chance that they could spread the virus causing an epidemic the would render their country helpless. Originally discovered a few dozen miles away from a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, this virus has since developed a stigma making it known for the brutal death it is capable of causing. Vast amounts of research have been done on the virus. Everything from function and pathogenesis to treatment and vaccinations.

Section 2

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The results of MB-003 testing. MB-003 recipients were compared against control and history control groups. The survival rate is compared against the days after exposure to the virus.http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/5/199/199ra113.full

Section 3

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References

Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2016, Kenyon College.